Science
curricular projects in abroad-B.Ed Notes
Prepared by
SABARISH-P
M.Sc., M.Ed., JRF & NET
Lecturer in Physical Science, Arafa Institute for Teacher Education
Attur, Thrissur.
The period after 1960 has seen a
lot of curricular innovations. New courses were first produced in U.S.A and United Kingdom. The major curricular reforms in Physical Science are
1) Physical Science Study Committee project
(PSSC)
2) Chemical Education Material Study (CHEM Study)
3) Chemical Bond Approach
(CBA)
PSSC project.
The PSSC project was meant to improve Physics
teaching
at school level. This course has been offered as an alternative to the
traditional Physics course. The main component
of this programme is the laboratory, in which
students gain first hand experiences in
discovering and verifying physical phenomena.
The course concentrates on fewer facts
than are usually included in elementary Physics
Course.
The P.S.S.C course consists of 4 closely inter-related parts. The
first is the general introduction to the fundamental physical
notions of time, space and matter. This is followed by a study of
light, both optics and waves; a study of motion from a dynamical point of view; and a study
of electricity and Physics of the atom.
The PSSC Physics programme has developed a textbook,; a laboratory
guide with
experiments; simplified low cost
apparatus in kit form; 54 films; which set the tones and
standards for the course;
achievement tests; and teachers guide which provide background material for class and laboratory activities
CHEM study.
Chem study
originated in 1960 at United States J.A Campbell was the project Director.
Chem
Study employs inductive approach in which practical work precedes theory. The
main objectives of the course are
1) To diminish
the separation between Scientist and teachers in the understanding of Science.
2) To stimulate
and prepare those high school students who planned to continue the
study of Chemistry in College in preparation for a professional
career.
The materials produced under this project consists of a text,
laboratory manual ,
teachers guide, two self instruction programmes two series of
achievement tests, 26 basic films and 27 teacher training films.
Chemical Bond Approach (CBA)
CBA course was originated in
1959. Lawrence Strong was the founder of this
project. In CBA theory precedes practical
work, ie, it is deductive in approach. Important texts are Chemical system and
investigating Chemical system. The concept of bonding forms the central theme in C.B.A. The
whole course is planned in such a manner that experiments suggest the ideas to be tested and ideas to be
tested suggest the experiments to be setup.
